Saturnalia is a Roman holiday held in mid-December. It honors the god of agriculture and time, Saturn.

Recognized as the main influence of familiar Christmas traditions and the time of year it is celebrated, Saturnalia began as a single-day festival, but was expanded to the week from December 17 to the 23 during the late Republic. The first time it was observed was 217 BC. “Saturnalia was by far the jolliest Roman holiday; the Roman poet Catullus famously described it as ‘the best of times’” (history.com).

Derived from farming-related rituals in mid-winter and the winter solstice, it’s tradition in the winter sowing season was to offer sacrifices or gifts to the gods, especially Saturn. All work, businesses, and schools were either put to a halt or closed in observance to the festival.

Romans would wear colorful togas and put up wreaths all over their homes as decorations. In ancient Roman times, it was common to have slaves in every household, but they were also permitted to participate in the various festivities of Saturnalia. “The holiday was spent singing, eating, socializing, gambling, and gift giving.” (nationaldaycalendar.com)

Anyone is welcome to celebrate Saturnalia with family and friends. With a full week of activities, you can wear green and gold to commemorate the official colors of Saturnalia. You can also decorate the house with as many decorations possible, make moon and star shaped cookies, and give small gifts to those who arrive or leave your home. However you celebrate, Saturnalia can be a joyful holiday for those who partake on events.